1 2 3 Stableford, Brian, "Dark Fantasy", in The A to Z of Fantasy Literature,(p. 97), Scarecrow Press,Plymouth. 2005. ISBN0-8108-6829-6
↑ "The Woman Who Invented Dark Fantasy" by Gary C. Hoppenstand from Nightmare and Other Tales of Dark Fantasy by Francis Stevens, University of Nebraska Press, 2004, page x. ISBN0-8032-9298-8.
↑ The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders, Volume 1, edited by Gary Westfahl, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005.
